Firstly: everything @okyeron and @coreyr said holds up. However, it sounds like you’ve worked out how to flash hex files from Teensy loader, and the problem is, specifically, flashing new firmware from the Arduino software?
Required libraries are RepsonsiveAnalogRead, CD74HC4067, and Teensyduino. You must compile with USB type (Tools->USB) set to “MIDI”. You should make sure you’re compiling for Teensy 3.2.
Next things to check: does the code compile correctly? As in, when you just click the “tick” icon, does it compile without flash?
If it does, now try flashing it. Does the Teensyduino loader pop up, and does it say that it Programmed OK? Or does it ask you to push reset to program it? You might need stick something flat, like a ruler, in through the edge to knock the reset button on your Teensy board, though I’ve never had this happen to mine.
If the loader software looks like it isn’t loading, it might well be a USB cable issue.
Screengrabs or copypasta are super valuable here, there might be clues in the details.