it’s not about “power”, or how they connect. it’s about what’s available in the systems as they exist, and how some quite low-level protocols work. In this case, one of those low-level protocols is USB, which requires one device to be a host, and the other client. That’s just how USB works.
In the realm of “why doesn’t this work wirelessly?!” the latency of networking, the relative complexity compared to a simple standard like midi clock, not to mention other priorities on the implementation team’s end, are probably things to consider.
However, MIDI is less interested in host/client. A pair of USB MIDI adapters that have din sockets on them could be attached, with a DIN lead from the OUT of the timekeeping machine to the IN of the one to receive MIDI clock, and then you can use MIDI clock, accurate as it is.
Do you have two devices you wish to sync?