time for a birds-and-the-bees speech
So, I think one of the core things to wrapping your head around modular is getting away from specific-uses-for-specific modules. Obviously some modules do have a single use, but most don’t have to.
so what Maths does is: it has four channels of IO. Two are attenuversion. Two are function generators: they make a voltage rise and then fall. You can control rise/fall with voltage if you like. Optionally, they can cycle.
In reality that means: a single Maths function channel could be used a bit like LFO (because a cycling, rising/falling voltage, is an oscillator). It could be used as an AD or AHD envelope (because a triggered, rising/falling voltage, is an envelope). The attenuverters are really useful because you always need utilities and two VCAs and a Cold Mac still possibly isn’t enough.
You might argue you have LFOs in the Workout, but: they are all tempo-synced, and none of them are CV controllable. You could argue you have envelopes in the OC but they’re not exactly manipulable. And I’d also say, in my opinion, that ADSRs are not always very interesting.
The other things Maths does is, well, more. Because of what it is, it’s daft to call it an “LFO/envelope”. It can be a clock source; a clock delay/offset; it can act as a very strange filter, or a (non-tracking) VCO; it can be a clock divider. It’s a very generic set of tools that can be applied in many ways.
So the answer to “what does it do” is, well, it depends. The point of modular is that you’re free to change the architecture of the synthesizer with every patch. So in one patch, Maths might be a wonky weird clock; in another, it could be a plucky delay envelope; in another, a modulation source for a VCO like Mangrove.
Especially in small racks, tools that serve multiple purposes are useful. Not deciding what those purposes are until you’re patching is also useful.