I am new here but an experienced field recordist. Lots of different conversations in this one thread!
Some clarity regarding microphones. It’s important to distinguish between mics that need no power (dynamics), those that work off plug-in-power (PIP), and those that need professional phantom power (48V).
Dynamic mics are OK for voice but aren’t going to be sensitive enough for ambiance and don’t have the sort of clarity most of us, who might wish to manipulate the audio, require. But if you are totally into LoFi, they are fine.
PIP mics tend to be small electrets, which are highly portable and can capture nice sound… good enough for most purposes. The battery drain is small and some recorders can last for many hours.
The larger condenser mics that require 48V were originally designed for studio work, where you control your environment. In the field they force you to think about battery pack options, mic stands, wind protection, etc. So you need time and money to invest in your craft. Pros use them, but the rest of us need not. (Until you get obsessed.)
I have a comprehensive article here which is part of my larger series. My blog has a wealth of info compiled from dozens of people and practice over a couple decades.
But in short I recommend mics based on the Primo EM172 capsule, which is a good compromise of low noise and clarity. I have endorsed Audiotalaia in Spain and LOM in Slovakia.
When it comes to recorders, the most important aspects are what power it provides and how good the preamps are. If you don’t need phantom, you can get smaller recorders and use those EM172 mics. I find this very liberating. (Though as a professional I have two larger recorders as well.)
There is a big difference between the Zoom H4 and H4n, which have fairly noisy pre-amps, and the H6 which has a 13dB or so improvement. My favourite recorders are the Sony M10 and the Olympus LS-10, LS-11, and LS-5 because they can hide in a pocket an sound great. None are in production any longer.
OK that’s enough for now. Avail of the resources I have provided and most questions will be answered. Happy recording!