Some “coding” options + inspiration, should you decide to go that route.
The example work reminds me a lot of Inconvergent, who has been very generous in explaining some of the techniques that go into their work, including source code. Last I checked, they were using Cairo for generating 2d graphics, which is a pretty solid library (a great tutorial as well that I always go back to). Programs themselves seem to be either written in Python or common lisp for the newer stuff.
I remember looking at Context Free a while ago. Not sure if it’s still being maintained though.
Something to keep in mind for performance is that there is a big difference between getting stuff to be interactive in a realtime environment. Inconvergent’s stuff is all done offline, and it apparently takes a while to generate the images.